The foundations have been poured, and what happens next? Now is the right time for bricklaying and construction work to take place. What should we use to build the walls of our new house? How did this stage of construction of our home go? And how much did it cost to put up the walls and structural work when building a house in 2019?
There is still something going on at the construction site. In a little while, we will be tidying up the area around the house, as there are many weeds. And in the meantime, we’ve finished the next stage of construction, the brickwork, the Ceiling and the construction work, so today, I’m coming with another portion of knowledge on this topic.
Many people wonder how to organise masonry works on the construction of a detached house. We didn’t have this problem, because we chose a company which builds our house comprehensively – from beginning to end. The company created a work plan for construction crews on our construction site and organised their work calendar.
Masonry, i.e. erecting walls of, e.g. a detached house, is created by bonding a brick block with filling and binding mortar. There are different types of walls in a detached house. They can be divided into external and internal divisions.
Internal walls are divided into load-bearing divisions, also called structurally and partitioned walls. They are permanently connected with the house structure using a tie beam. Their task is to transfer vertical loads from the Ceiling and successive storeys of the building. That is why, during their bricklaying and construction, the recommendations from the design must be followed.
Masonry walls in a detached house step by step
In the case of this stage of construction work, the project reads: “Walls in the 2-layer wall system. Build a reinforced concrete ring beam on the walls of C20/25 concrete, reinforced with 4 Ø12 rods and Ø6 studs every 15 cm. The structural walls are made of ceramic hollow brick Cerpol 24 cm. Facade insulation made of 20 cm foamed polystyrene. Partition walls made of ceramic hollow brick Cerpol MiniMaxi 120/220”.
To make it more transparent, I would like to add that two-layer walls mean walls built of ceramic hollow brick and thermally insulated with foamed polystyrene.
After pouring and insulating the foundations and waiting about 1.5 months on our construction site, the brickworks started. First, the external corners were led out, then the openings were determined. It is worth emphasising that cutting the blocks in these places should be avoided. The first layer of walls was built.
The construction company maintained the walls’ level by using a mason’s string which was stretched on each of the walls. It is essential to wait until the mortar has set to prevent it from deforming under the weight of subsequent brickwork layers. I have seen that a rubber mallet was used to correct the position of the blocks.
The walls of a newly built house must be erected vertically, and their elements should be levelled. This is because the walls hold and distribute the roof and Ceiling weight, so the forces acting on them from above must be evenly distributed.
Single-family house construction – house walls must be reinforced!
Each wall of a newly-built house must undoubtedly be connected with reinforced rings found in each Ceiling and knee walls on which the roof will be based. Columns and lintels also need reinforcement.
The lintels in the design of our dream house are described as follows: “Lintels – prefabricated prestressed concrete SBN 120×120 two lintel beams each laid on a foundation of min. The level of lintels was determined, taking into account the lintel cash register. The lintel level was determined, taking into account the external roller shutter cassettes (20 cm). Reinforced concrete lintel for garage door 24×40 cm”.
Our two-layer ground floor walls have been bricked up; as far as their insulation is concerned, we plan to do it next spring together with the elevation.
Construction of a detached house – ceiling above the ground floor
As we designed a house with a usable attic and our architect, it was necessary to build the Ceiling above the ground floor after laying down the walls. The building project describes it as follows: “Ceiling over the ground floor – Teriva 4.0/1 goose ribbed ceiling 24 cm high. The upper level of the bed – 4 cm thick over concrete. Beam spacing, beam layout and separating ribs as per Fig. 3. Use a support grid in the support zones.
Single-family house construction – stairs to the usable attic
The next stage of works included stairs to the usable attic. At the scene of designing the house, we decided to choose stairs of reinforced concrete construction, thanks to which I can quickly climb to the attic during construction (I don’t know if I would dare to do it if there was a ladder standing there). And all because I intend to use the space under the stairs. I want to make a utility room there for storing a hoover, cleaning products or a mop.
Construction of a detached house – chimneys
The next stage of masonry work in our house is the chimneys. Here we learn from the project that “system chimneys – ICOPAL Wulkan C Ø 200 and ICOPAL Wulkan CL – EKO Ø 16 should be used.” In the case of our house, we have three chimneys. Two of them are in the boiler room, while one chimney with ventilation is on the wall in the living room, as there will be a fireplace there. There are also four vents by the ducts in the boiler room.
As for the structural and masonry works, the balconies have also been bricked up at this stage.
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